How can legacy OT systems be protected against modern cyber threats?

Legacy OT systems can be protected against modern cyber threats despite their outdated architecture by implementing several strategies:

1. Segmentation: Segment the OT network to isolate critical systems from other networks. This can contain the impact of a cyber attack and prevent lateral movement within the network.

2. Access Control: Implement strict access controls to ensure that only authorized personnel can access the OT systems. Use strong authentication methods such as multi-factor authentication.

3. Patch Management: Even though legacy systems may not support the latest patches, you can still apply vendor-provided patches and updates whenever available.

4. Network Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring of the network for any unusual activity or signs of a cyber attack. Intrusion detection systems and security information and event management (SIEM) solutions can be helpful.

5. Secure Configuration: Harden the security configuration of the legacy systems to minimize potential vulnerabilities. Disable unnecessary services, change default passwords, and apply security best practices.

6. Regular Audits and Testing: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and address weaknesses in the legacy OT systems. Penetration testing can also help in evaluating the effectiveness of security measures.

7. Employee Training: Educate employees about cybersecurity best practices and the importance of adhering to security policies. Human error is often a weak link in the security chain, so proper training is crucial.

By combining these strategies and adopting a defense-in-depth approach, legacy OT systems can be better protected against modern cyber threats despite their outdated architecture